V. Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.Most of the fastening devices used in clothing today, like the shoelace, the button, and the safely pin. have existed in some form in various cultures for thousands of years. But the zipper was the brainchild of one American inventor, namely Whitcomb Judson of Chicago. At the end of the 19th century. Judson was already a successful inventor, with a dozen patents to his credit for mechanical items such as improvements to motors and railroad braking system.He then turned his mind to create a replacement for the lengthy shoelaces which were then used in both men’s and women's boots. On August 29th 1893, he won another patent, for what he called the case “locker”. Though the model was somewhat clumsy, and frequently jammed, it did work: in fact, Judson and his business associate Lewis Walker had sewn the device into their own boots. Although Judson displayed his clasp-locker at the World's Fair held in Chicago in 1893, the public largely ignored it. The company founded by Judson and Walker, Universal Fastener, despite further refinements, never really succeeded in marketing the device.The earliest zip fasteners were being used in the clothing industry by 1905, but it was only in 1913, after a Swedish-American engineer, Gideon Sundbach, had remodeled Judson's fastener into a more streamlined and reliable form, that the zipper was a success. The US Army applied zippers to the clothing and equipment of the troops of World War I. By the late 1920s, zippers could be found in all kinds of clothing, footwear, and carrying cases; by the mid-1930s, zippers had even been embraced by the fashion industry.The term “zipper" was coined as onomatopoeia (resembling the sound it makes) by B.F. Goodrich whose company started marketing rubber shoes featuring the fastener in 1923. Regrettably. Whitcomb Judson died in 1909, and never heard the term, or saw the success by which his invention would become popular. (Adapted from https://lemelson.mit.edu)
Câu 1: What is the author's main point in the second paragraph?
A. Judson lacked marketing skills.
B. Although Judson invented a workable product, it did not appeal to the public.
C. Judson was a poor businessman.
D. Despite being a successful inventor, Judson failed with the clasp-locker.
Câu 2: The word "it" in paragraph 2 refers to _______ .
A. World's Fair
B. Judson
C. Clasp-locker
D. The public
Câu 3: The word "refinements" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______ .
A. promotion
B. additions
C. improvements
D. changes
Câu 4: According to the passage, zippers did not really become a success until _____.
A. they were used in the apparel industry after 1905
B. the Army used them in World War I
C. in 1913 after being remodeled
D. be the late 1920s
Câu 5: According to the passage, by the late 1920s zippers could be found in all of the following industries EXCEPT _______ .
A. fashion
B. luggage
C. tents
D. footwear
Câu 6: The word "embraced" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______ .
A. welcomed
B. discarded
C. promoted
D. considered
Câu 7: According to the passage, the zipper got its name _______ .
A. from Judson
B. because of its sound
C. when used in clothing
D. in 1909
Câu 8: Which of the following statements can best be inferred from the passage about zippers?
A. A successful model had been developed commercially before Sundbach's version because it was used in the clothing industry by 1905.
B. The imaginative name was a major factor in its success.
C. If Judson had still been alive by World War I his company would have been more successful.
D. Judson was an inventor, not a business man.
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