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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Early peoples had no need of engineering works to supply their water. Hunters and nomads camped near natural sources of fresh water, and populations were so sparse that pollution of the water supply was not a serious problem. After community life developed and agricultural villages became urban centres, the problem of supplying water became important for inhabitants of a city, as well as for irrigation of the farms surrounding the city. Irrigation works were known in prehistoric times, and before 2000 BC the rulers of Babylonia and Egypt constructed systems of dams and canals to impound the flood waters of the Euphrates and Nile rivers, controlling floods and providing irrigation water throughout the dry season. Such irrigation canals also supplied water for domestic purposes. The first people to consider the sanitation of their water supply were the ancient Romans, who constructed a vast system of aqueducts to bring the clean waters of the Apennine Mountains into the city and built basins and filters along these mains to ensure the clarity of the water. The construction of such extensive water-supply systems declined when the Roman Empire disintegrated, and for several centuries local springs and wells formed the main source of domestic and industrial water.The invention of the force pump in England in the middle of the 16th century greatly extended the possibilities of development of water-supply systems. In London, the first pumping waterworks was completed in 1562; it pumped river water to a reservoir about 37 m above the level of the River Thames and from the reservoir the water was distributed by gravity, through lead pipes, to buildings in the vicinity.Increased per-capita demand has coincided with water shortages in many countries. Southeast England, for example, receives only 14 per cent of Britain's rainfall, has 30 per cent of its population, and has experienced declining winter rainfall since the 1980s.In recent years a great deal of interest has been shown in the conversion of seawater to fresh water to provide drinking water for very dry areas, such as the Middle East. Several different processes, including distillation, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, and direct-freeze evaporation, have been developed for this purpose. Some of these processes have been used in large facilities in the United States. Although these processes are successful, the cost of treating seawater is much higher than that for treating fresh water.
Câu 1: Clean water supply was first taken into consideration by                      .


A. the Egyptians       


B. the US people        


C. the English people


D. the ancient Romans
Câu 2: The word “mains” in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by “                     ”.  


A. rivers        


B. pipes            


C. areas            


D. lands
Câu 3: Which of the following is NOT true about London’s water supply in the middle of the 16th century?


A. Water was pumped from the River Thames.


B. Water was stored in a reservoir.


C. Water was conducted through canals.


D. Water ran from the reservoir to buildings.
Câu 4: Early peoples didn’t need water supply engineering  works because                     .


A. they had good ways to irrigate their farms


B. their community life had already developed


C. there was almost no dry season in prehistoric times


D. natural sources of fresh water nearby were always available
Câu 5: One of the causes of water shortages in South-east England is                      .


A. increased demand                           


B. water pollution


C. water-supply system decline          


D. water evaporation
Câu 6: For several centuries after the disintegration of the Roman Empire, the main source of water supply was from            .


A. water pipes                   


B. systems of aqueducts                    


C. dams and canals                          


D. springs and wells
Câu 7: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a process of converting seawater to freshwater?


A. Steaming and cooling        


B. Water evaporation


C. Dissolving chemicals                 


D. Purification method
Câu 8: The word “ vicinity” in paragraph 2 refers to “                     ”


A. The neighborhood around a reservoir.         


B. The region where industry developed.


C. The cities in South- East England.            


D. The areas along the River Thames.
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Các câu hỏi liên quan

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Câu 1: The student next to me kept chewing gum. That bothered me a lot.


A. The student next to me kept chewing gum, that bothered me a lot.


B. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothered me a lot.


C. The student next to me kept chewing gum, which bothered me a lot.


D. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothering me a lot.
Câu 2: My father regrets taking up smoking. He can’t give it up now.


A. Regretful as my father is, there might be a chance for him to stop smoking.


B. My father can’t give up smoking now and feels regret about it.


C. My father regrets having taken up smoking because he’s not able to give it up now.


D. My father wishes he hadn’t taken up smoking since he can’t cut down it now.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Family life in the United States is changing. Thirty or forty years ago, the wife was called a "housewife". She cleaned, cooked, and cared for the children. The husband earned the money for the family. He was usually out working all day. He came home tired in the evening, so he did not do much housework. And he did not see the children very much, except on weekends.These days, however, more and more women work outside the home. They cannot stay with the children all day. They, too, come home tired in the evening. They do not want to spend the evening cooking dinner and cleaning up. They do not have time to clean the house and do the laundry. So who is going to do the housework now? Who is going to take care of the children?Many families solve the problem of housework by sharing it. In these families, the husband and wife agree to do different jobs around the house, or they take turns doing each job. For example, the husband always cooks dinner and the wife always does the laundry. Or the wife cooks dinner on some nights and the husband cooks dinner on other nights.Then there is a question of the children. In the past, many families got help with child care from grandparents. Now families usually do not live near their relatives. The grandparents often are too far away to help in a regular way. More often, parents have to pay for child care help. The help may be a babysister or a day-care center. The problem with this kind of help is the high cost. It is possible only for couples with jobs that pay well.Parents may get another kind of help from the companies they work for. Many companies now let people with children work part-time. That way, parents can spend more time with their children. Some husbands may even stop working for a while  to stay with the children. For these men there is a new word: They are called "househusband". In the United States more and more men are becoming househusband every year.These changes in the home mean changes in the family. Fathers can learn to understand their children better, and the children can get to know their fathers better. Husbands and wives may also find changes in their marriage. They, too, may have a better understanding of each other.
Câu 1: These changes in the Amercan home may                                        .


A. not happen                   


B. not change the children at all


C. help families                         


D. cause problems for a marriage
Câu 2: It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that                            .


A. couples with low-paid jobs can’t afford the cost of a babysitter or a day-care center.


B. in the past, grandparents did not help the couples with child care.


C. all couples with jobs can pay for help from a babysitter or a day-care center.


D. grandparents can help care the children in a regular way.
Câu 3: Forty years ago, most women                                  .


A. had no children                          


B. were housewives


C. went out to work         


D. did not do much housework
Câu 4: Nowadays there are                                  .


A. more and more women staying with the children all day


B. more work outside the home than before


C. more housewives than before.


D. more women going out to work than before.
Câu 5: This article is about                          .


A. how more American women are working


B. how family life in America is changing


C. American men as househusbands


D. housewives in America
Câu 6: The word “they” in paragraph 5 refers to                                        .


A. children who spend more time with fathers than mothers                              


B. husbands who stop working to stay with the children


C. parents who work part-time


D. fathers who spend more time with their children
Câu 7: The word “laundry” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _                             .


A. washing and ironing                           


B. tidying up


C. cooking and washing up                        


D. shopping

A.
B.
C.
D.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Câu 1: Had the advertisement for our product been better, more people would have bought it.


A. Not many people bought our product because it was so bad.


B. Our product was of better quality so that more people would buy it.


C. Fewer people bought our product due to its bad quality.


D. Since the advertisement for our product was so bad, fewer people bought it.
Câu 2: “How beautiful you are today!” he said.


A. He complimented her on being beautiful today.


B. He said to me that she was beautiful that day.


C. He complimented her on being beautiful that day.


D. He complemented her on being beautiful that day.
Câu 3: The sooner we solve this problem, the better it will be for all concerned. 


A. If all concerned are better, we can solve this problem soon.


B. If we could solve this problem soon, it would be better for all concerned.


C. If we can solve this problem soon, it will be better for all concerned.


D. It would be better for all concerned if we can solve this problem soon.

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word(s) to each of the questionsLast year, there were millions of international tourist arrivals across the globe. Whether they were students on their (41)______ years looking for overseas adventure, stressed-out workers hoping to get away for a weekend, or retirees (42)______  to relax in an exotic location- clearly none of them thought they could find the same experience at home. The question is whether foreign travel brings more advantages or disadvantages.An obvious positive point is that going abroad sometimes helps people to expand their knowledge of the world. If they are (43)_____ - minded, they can learn about new cultures and hopefully gain a more accurate understanding about their way of life. In addition, there is the economic benefit of tourism to countries which have few other resources. It can provide an income to many people within the industry.Having said that, some people simply go to a foreign resort (44)______ by high walls and therefore learn little about their holiday (45)______. Another issue is that hordes of tourists often spoil the “unspoilt” places they visit. The most recent example of this is Antarctica, where last year cruise ships took thousands of visitors to view the disappearing icebergs and wildlife. Vegetation, nesting penguins and resting walrus are vulnerable when humans intrude.
Câu 1: (41)______


A. space  


B. break 


C. pause 


D. gap
Câu 2: (42)______


A. wish       


B. wished   


C. wishing


D. to wish
Câu 3: (43)_____


A. open    


B. narrow   


C. absent 


D. single
Câu 4: (44)______


A. covered         


B. surrounded 


C. sheltered 


D. stopped
Câu 5: (45)______


A. direction      


B. destination  


C. departure


D. situation

A.
B.
C.
D.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questionsBefore the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only in season. Drying, smoking and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited; there was no way to prevent spoilage. But in 1810, a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing process of canning. And in the 1850’s an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk. Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during the 1860’s, but supplies remained low because cans had to be made by hand. By 1880, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate. Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year.Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diets. Growing urban population created demand that encouraged fruit and vegetable farmers  to raise more produce. Railroad refrigerator cars enabled growers and meat packers to ship perishables great distances and to preserve them for longer periods. Thus, by the 1890’s, northern city dwellers could enjoy southern and western strawberries, grapes, and tomatoes, previously available for a month at most, for up to six months of the year. In addition, increased use of iceboxes enabled families to store perishables. As easy means of producing ice commercially had been invented in the 1870’s, and by 1900 the nation had more than two thousand commercial ice plants, most of which made home deliveries. The icebox became a fixture in most homes and remained so until the mechanized refrigerator replaced it in the 1920’s and 1930’s.Almost everyone now had a more diversified diet. Some people continued to eat mainly foods that were heavily in starches or carbohydrates, and not everyone could afford meat. Nevertheless, many families could take advantage of previously unavailable fruits, vegetables, and dairy products to achieve more varied fare.
Câu 1: What does the passage mainly discuss?


A. Causes of food spoilage


B. Commercial production of ice


C. Inventions that led to changes in the American diet


D. Population movements in nineteenth century
Câu 2: The phrase “in season” in paragraph 1 refers to


A. a kind of weather   


B. a particular time of year


C. an official schedule   


D. a method of flavoring food
Câu 3: The word “prevent” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to


A. estimate     


B. avoid   


C. correct   


D. confine
Câu 4: During the 1860’s, canned food products were


A. unavailable in rural areas     


B. shipped in refrigerator cans


C. available in limited quantities  


D. a staple part of the American diet
Câu 5: It can be inferred that railroad refrigerator cars came into use


A. before 1860


B. before 1890  


C. after 1900 


D. after 1920
Câu 6: The word “them” in paragraph 2 refers to


A. refrigerator cars


B. perishables   


C. growers  


D. distances
Câu 7: The author implies that in the 1920’s and 1930’s home deliveries of ice


A. decreased in number 


B. were on an irregular schedule


C. increased in cost  


D. occurred only in the summer

A.
B.
C.
D.

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