giặc Mông Thát tràn sang thì cựa gà trống không thể đâm thủng áo giáp của giặc, mẹo cờ bạc không thể dùng làm mưu lược nhà binh ; dẫu rằng ruộng lắm vườn nhiều, tấm thân quý nghìn vàng khôn chuộc, vả lại vợ bìu con díu, việc quân cơ trăm sự ích chi ; tiền của tuy nhiều khôn mua được đầu giặc, chó săn tuy khỏe khôn đuổi được quân thù ; chén rượu ngon không thể làm cho giặc say chết, tiếng hát hay không thể làm cho giặc điếc tai. Lúc bấy giờ, ta cùng các ngươi sẽ bị bắt, đau xót biết chừng nào! Chẳng những thái ấp của ta không còn, mà bổng lộc các ngươi cũng mất ; chẳng những gia quyến của ta bị tan, mà vợ con các ngươi cũng khốn ; chẳng những xã tắc tổ tông ta bị giày xéo, mà phần mộ cha mẹ các ngươi cũng bị quật lên ; chẳng những thân ta kiếp này chịu nhục, rồi đến trăm năm sau, tiếng dơ khôn rửa, tên xấu còn lưu, mà đến gia thanh các ngươi cũng không khỏi mang tiếng tướng bại trận. Lúc bấy giờ, dẫu các ngươi muốn vui vẻ phỏng có được không? Được trích từ văn bản nào

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Exercise 5: Read the situations and use the words in brackets to write sentences with must have and can't have. Eg: 1. The phone rang but I didn't hear it (I/asleep). I must have been asleep . 2. Jane walked past me without speaking, (she/see/me). She can’t have seen me 3. The jacket you bought is very good quality, (it/very expensive) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 4. I haven't seen the people the next door for ages, (They/go away) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 5. I cant find my umbrella, (Weave/it in the restaurant last night) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 6. Don passed the exam without studying for It (me exam / very difficult) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 7. She knew everything about our plans, (she/ listen / to our conversation) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 8. Fiona did the opposite of what I asked her to do. (she/understand/what I said) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 9. When I woke up this morning, the light was on. (I forget/to turn/ it off) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 10. The lights were red but the car didn't stop, (the driver/see/the red light) - ………………………………………………………………………….. 11. I was woken up in the middle of the night by the noise next door (the neighbours/have/ a party) - …………………………………………………………………………..

Exercise 4: Rewrite the following sentences. 1/ It isn't necessary to shout.  You ............................................................................................ 2/ It wasn't necessary for them to call for help after all. They ................................................. 3/ There was no need for you to have gone to all that trouble.  You .......................................... 4/ Your house needs to be redecorated.  Your house.................................................................... 5/ It's possible that he didn't get my letter.  He might ................................................................. 6/ You needn't have bought it for me.  It wasn't ........................................................................... 7/ I'm absolutely sure that they didn't go out in that weather.  They can't ................................................................................................................................... 8/ "Why didn't you tell me about it yesterday ?"  You should .................................................... 9/ I'm sure she didn't do it on purpose.  She can't.................................................................. 10/ It's possible that your car was stolen.  Your car ................................................................ 11/ Perhaps Lan went to London.  Lan might....................................................................... 12/ It's a pity that you didn't go to see that film at the cinema last night.  You should .................................................................................................................................. 13/ "It was very careless of you to let the door open last night"  You shouldn't............................................................................................................................... 14/ Perhaps Manh is repairing his bike now.  Manh may........................................................ 15/ Perhaps they have two big houses in the suburb.  They ........................................................ 16/ You ought to have reminded me about the meeting yesterday.  Why didn't ...................................................................................................................................

Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer in each of the following sentences according to meaning and tense. 1. If I had a bicycle, (I would / I will) ride it every day. 2. George (would have gone / would go) on a trip to Chicago if he had had time. 3. Marcela didn’t come to class yesterday. She (will have had / may have had) an accident. 4. John didn’t do his homework, so the teacher became very angry. John (must have done / should have done) his homework. 5. Sharon was supposed to be here at nine o’clock. She (must have forgotten / must forget) about our meeting. 6. Where do you think Juan is today? I have no idea. He (should have slept / may have slept) late. 7. George missed class today. He (might have had / might had had) an accident. 8. Robert arrived without his notebook. He (could have lost / would have lost) it. 9. Thomas received a warning for speeding. (He should have driven / shouldn’t have driven) so fast. 10. Henry’s car stopped on the highway. It (may run / may have run) out of gas. Exercise 3: Choose between “must + have + PP” and “should + have + PP” 1. Hendry was deported for having an expired visa. He (have)____________ his visa renewed. 2. Julietta was absent for the first time yesterday. She (be)___________ sick. 3. The photos are black. The X rays at the airport (damage)___________ it. 4. Blanca got parking ticket. She (not, park)______________ in a reserved spot, since she had no permit. 5. Mary did very well on the exam. She (study)_____________ very hard. 6. Jean did very badly on the exam. She (study)_____________ harder. 7. German called us as soon as his wife had her baby. He (be)____ very proud. 8. John isn’t here yet. He (forget)______________ about our meeting. 9. Alex failed the exam. He (not, study)_____________ enough.

Exercise I : Hãy chọn đáp án đúng trong số A.B,C hoặc D 1/ Ali painted his bedroom black. It looks dark and dreary. He ............ a different colour. a. had to choose b. should have chosen c. must have chosen d. could have been choosing 2. When Mr. Lee was younger, he ......... work in the garden for hours, but now he has to take frequent rests because he has emphysema. a. has got to b. can c. could d. should be able 3. Yesterday I ........ to a furniture store. I bought a new lamp there. a. could go b. went c. could have gone d. ought to have gone 4. Jimmy and Marie were mischievous children. They ....... . tricks on their teachers, which always got them into a lot of trouble. a. could play b. used to play c. could have played d. may have played 5. - Why are you so sure that Ann didn't commit the crime she's been accused of committing ? -She .......... that crime because I was with her, and we were out of town on that day. a. may not have committed b. couldn't have committed c. commited d. wasn't supposed to commit 6. Since we have to be there in a hurry, we ...... take a taxi. a. should b. may c. are able to d. have been used to 7. - It ........ rain this evening. Why don't you take an umbrella ? - That's a good idea. May I borrow yours ? a. had better b. could be c. might d. must 8/ - ...... you hand me that pair of scissors, please ? - Certainly. a. May b. Shall c. Will d. Should 9/ - Larry drove all night to get here for his sister's wedding. He ..... exhausted by the time he arrived. - He was. a. ought to be b. could be c. must have been d. will have been 10/ - You haven't eaten anything since yesterday afternoon. You........... be really hungry! - I am. a. might b. will c. can d. must 11/ - I left a cookie on the table, but now it's gone. What happened to it ? - I don't know. One of the children ................. it. a. had to eat b. should have eaten c. may have eaten d. could eat 12/ - What does Mr. Green do for a living ? - Nothing. He's very rich. He ..... work for a living. a. must not b. shouldn't c. doesn't have to d. hadn't better 13/ - Why are you so late ? - I ............... my aunt to the airport, The traffic was very terrible. a. could take b. should take c. had to take d. must have taken 14/ - They towed my car away from the executive parking lot yesterday. - You ............... have parked there. a. may not b. should not c. must not d. might not 15/ - I locked myself out of my apartment. I didn't know what to do. - You .......... your roommate. a. should have called b. would have called c. may have called d. must have called 16/ - Barbara just told me that she can't go to the meeting tonight. - She ......... go ! We need her there for the financial report. a. has to b. have to c. must be d. needs 17/ - I need some help with this table. ............ you lift the other end, please ? a. May b. Could c. Should d. Shall Cần chính xác

“Vừa lúc đó thì tiếng người kêu rầm rĩ, càng nghe càng lớn.(1) Lại có tiếng ào ào như thác chảy xiết; rồi lại có tiếng gà, chó, trâu, bò kêu vang tứ phía.(2) Bấy giờ ai nấy ở trong đình, đều nôn nao sợ hãi. (3) Thốt nhiên một người nhà quê, mình mẩy lấm láp, quần áo ướt đầm, tất tả chạy xông vào thở không ra lời: (4) - Bẩm… quan lớn… đê vỡ mất rồi!(5) Quan lớn đỏ mặt tía tai, quay ra quát rằng: (6) - Đê vỡ rồi!... (7)Đê vỡ rồi, thời ông cách cổ chúng mày, thời ông bỏ tù chúng mày! (8) Có biết không?... (9) Lính đâu? (10) Sao bay dám để cho nó chạy xồng xộc vào đây như vậy?(11) Không còn phép tắc gì nữa à? (12) - Dạ, bẩm… (13) - Đuổi cổ nó ra! (14)” a. Đoạn văn trên trích trong tác phẩm nào, của ai? b. Hãy phân tích cấu trúc ngữ pháp câu (1). Cho biết cụm C-V dùng để mở rộng thành phần câu hoặc thành phần cụm từ nào trong câu. c. Từ đoạn trích trên, em hiểu gì về nhan đề văn bản? d. Cho câu văn sau: “ Chỉ trong một đoạn văn ngắn, tác giả đã lên án gay gắt sự vô trách nhiệm và bản chât “lòng lang dạ thú” của tên quan phụ mẫu”. - Hãy chuyển đổi câu trên thành câu bị động. - Dùng câu bị động trên làm câu mở đoạn, em hãy làm sáng tỏ nhận định trên bằng một đoạn văn nghị luận ngắn, khoảng 10 câu, trong đó có ít nhất một câu đơn dùng cụm chủ-vị mở rộng thành phẩn. (Gạch chân và chú thích). Bài