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Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists, the deaf and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of the whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot. Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of flirting or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies (biểu thị) approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction. Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags. Morse code (mã Mooc-xơ), and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people. While verbalization is the most common form of language, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings. Question 1: The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to____. A. tourists B. the deaf and the mute C. thoughts and feelings D. sign language motions Question 2: Which form other than oral speech would be most common used among blind people? A. Picture signs B. Braille C. Body language D.Signal language Question 3: How many different forms of communication are mentioned here? A. 5 B. 7 C. 9 D. 11 Question 4: The word “ wink “ in the second paragraph means most nearly the same as A. close one eye briefly B. close two eyes briefly C. nod the head up and down D. shake the head from side to side Question 5 People need to communicate in order to A. create language barriers B. keep from reading with their fingertips C. be picturesque and exact D. express thoughts and feelings II. Read the following text then answer the questions that follow by circling its corresponding letter marked A, B, C, or D. Greetings in all languages have he same purpose: to establish contact with another person, to recognize his or her existence and to show friendliness. The formulas for greeting are very specific and usually do not carry any literal meaning people say “Good morning” even if it is a miserable day and may reply to “ How are you?” with “ Fine, thanks” even if they aren’t feeling well. Closings, like greetings are commonly used to exchange with no literal meaning. People who are leaving each other permanently or for a long time shake hands or embrace, depending on the relationship. If you are in an unfamiliar situation and wonder what to do, watch other people or ask. It is interesting, and sometimes very important to learn about the standards of courtesy in different cultural areas of the world so that we can practice them well and avoid awkwardness in case we get a chance to visit a person or a community of unfamiliar social customs. Question 1: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a purpose of greetings? A. To create contact with the person being greeted. B. To show that you recognize his or her present C. To show that you admire him or her. D. To show that you are willing to be his or her friend. Question 2: Which of the following is a characteristic of the formulas for greeting? A. literal B. specific C. usual D. common Question 3: In what way are closings similar to greeting? A. They are common B. They are exchanges C. They are familiar D. They have no literal meaning Question 4: According to the passage, what should you do when you are in an unfamiliar situation? A. Observe what other people do B. Use formulas you know. C. Wonder what you should do D. Ask your friends for help Question 5: Which of the following is a benefit of learning about the standards of courtesy in a different cultural area? A. You can act comfortably when you have a chance to visit the community B. You can have a chance to visit a community of unfamiliar social customs C. You can practice meeting with people from different cultural areas D. You can avoid meeting with a community of unfamiliar social customs

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