1.Mastering a second language takes time and patience. -> It takes time and patience to master a second language
2. Driving on the left is strange and difficult for Americans -> Americans aren't familiar with driving on the left
3. we are very pleased that we shall go camping next weekend. -> We are looking forward to going camping next week.
4. Mr. Pinchley doesn’t allow his teenage children to go out in the evenings. ->Mr. Pinchley makes his teenage children stay at home in the evenings.
5. My mother would rather tidy up the house than go shopping in her free time. -> My mother prefers tidying up to going shopping in her free time.
6. He had spent his childhood in Oslo so he knew the city well -> Having spent his childhood in Oslo, he knew the city well.
7. The house was built of wood, so it was clearly a fire risk -> Being built of wood, the house was clearly a fire risk.
8. He wished he had invited her to his birthday party ->He regretted not inviting her to his birthday party.
9. After Mr.Brown had been abroad for four years,He returned home as an excellent engineer -> After having been aboard for four years, he turned home as an excellent engineer.
10. Mrs.Gates was delighted to be served breakfast when she wasn't feeling well -> Mrs Gates appreciated being served breakfast when she wasn't feeling well.
11. The fruit was expensive because it was imported. ->Being imported, the fruit was expensive.