Bài làm :

+) \(-4a-8b-12c\)

\(=-4\left(a+2b+3c\right)\)

+) \(-5x-10xy-15y=-5\left(x+2xy+3y\right)\)

+) \(ax+a=a\left(x+1\right)\)

+) \(a-2ax-4ay=-a\left(1+2x+4y\right)\)

1.phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử chung:

a.40a^3b^3c^2x+12a^3b^4c^2-20a^4b^5cx

b.(b-2c)(a-b)-(a+b)(2c-b)

c.7x^2-4/31x^3-9x^2y

2.tìm x:

a.8x^2-4x=0

b.5x(x-3)+7(x-3)=0

c.2x^2=x

d.x^3=x^5

e.x^2(x+1)+2x(x+1)=0

g.x(2x-3)-2(3-2x)=0

2.a) \(8x^2-4x=0\Rightarrow4x\left(2x-1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=0\\2x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(5x\left(x-3\right)+7\left(x-3\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(5x+7\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\5x+7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-1.4\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(2x^2=x\Rightarrow2x^2-x=0\Rightarrow x\left(2x-1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=0.5\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(x^3=x^5\Rightarrow x^3-x^5=0\Rightarrow x^3\left(1-x^2\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow x^3\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^3=0\\1-x=0\\1+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

e) \(x^2\left(x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)x\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+1=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

g. \(x\left(2x-3\right)-2\left(3-2x\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x\left(2x-3\right)+2\left(2x-3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1.5\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)