c) $-7 \vdots x+8$
$⇔x+8 ∈Ư(7)$
$⇔x+8 ∈ ${$-1,1,-7,7$}
$⇔x ∈ ${$-9,-7,-15,1$}
d) $2x-5=-x-17$
$⇔3x=-12$
$⇔x=-4$
e) $3.(2x^2-7)=33$
$⇔2x^2-7=11$
$⇔2x^2=18$
$⇔x^2=9$
$⇔x=±3$
g) $|2x-3|+5=23$
$⇔|2x-3|=18$
$⇔2x-3=18,2x-3=-18$
$⇔x=\dfrac{21}{2},x=\dfrac{-15}{2}$