1. They usually wore jeans when they were young.
=> They used to wear jeans when they were young.

used to V => đã từng làm việc gì trong quá khứ.

2.The last time we visited Hanoi was two years ago.
=> It's two years since we (last) visited Hanoi.

It's time since S (last) Ved/c2
3.The sun isn't shining now.
=>I wish the sun weren't shining now.

Câu ước không có thực ở hiện tại => S+ quá khứ đơn (tobe =were)
4.Nam is too young to ride a bike.
=> I wish I were not too young to ride a bike.

(xem lại câu 3)
5.Lan doesn't know how to make a cake.
=>Lan wish she knew how to make a cake.

(xem lại câu 3)
6.Whose bag is this ?
=>Who does this bag belong to?

belong to: thuộc về ai đó
7.Walking among the green trees gave Liz pleasure.
=>Liz enjoyed walking among the green trees

enjoy + Ving: thích làm điều gì 
8.Peter is 14 years old. Van is 14 years old.
=>Peter is at the same age as Van does.

be at the same age as: cùng tuổi với ai 
9.Mai began singing when she was eleven.
=>Mai has begun sung since she was eleven.

hiện tại hoàn thành since quá khứ đơn
10.It's a pity the weather isn't better today.
=>If only the weather were better today.

(xem lại câu 3)
11."If you want to learn English, I can't help you" : John said.
=>John said if I wanted to learn English, he couldn't help me.

câu gián tiếp câu đk loai 1 lùi 1 thì.

12.Liz asked me : "Do you live here ?"
=>Liz asked if I lived there.

Câu gián tiếp dạng Yes/No question => lùi 1 thì
13."Where are you studying ?" : Mr.Bruce asked.
=>Mr.Bruce asked where I were studying.

Câu gián tiếp dạng Wh_ question => lùi 1 thì
14."You must come today." : Hoa said.
=> Hoa said she had to come that day.

must = have to => quá khứ đơn là : had to
15."Please call me at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning." : said Mai.
=> Mai told me to call her at 6 o'clock the next morning.

told sb (not) to V: yêu cầu ai làm gì
16."There isn't any information about these colleges." : Nam said.
=> Nam said there wasn't any information about these colleges.

câu gián tiếp => câu trực tiếp lùi 1 thì
17. Mrs.Hue asked me how far it was from my home to school.
=> Mrs.Hue said how far it had been from her home to school.

(xem lại câu 16)
18.Work hard or you can't pass the exam.
=> If  you don't work hard, you can't pass the exam.

(câu đk loại 1)
19. Let's attend the Brighton Language Center.
=>Why don't we attend the Brighton Language Center?

câu hỏi gợi ý Why don't we + V(nguyên thể)?
20. If she doesn't hurry, she will miss the last train.
=> Unless she hurries, she will miss the last train.

(unless = if not)

1. They used to wear jeans when they were young

S+ used to + V

2. it' s last vísited Hanoi was two years ago.

3. i wish the sun were shining nơ.

4. Nam wishes he were old enough to ride a bike

5.I wish Lan and Mai knew how to make a cake.

6. Who's this bag belong to?

7. Liz green tree

Liz enjoyed walking among the green trees

8. Peter is 14 years old. Van is 14 years old.

9Mai began singing when she was eleven.

10If only the weather was better today

11.John said if I wanted to learn English, he could help me

12. Liz asked me if I lived there

13.Mr. Bruce asked me where I was studying.

14.Hoa said we had to come today.

15.Mai told me to call her at 6 o'clock the next day morning

16.Nam said there wasn't any information about those colleges

17. Mrs Hue asked me ''how far is it from my house to school?''

18.If you work hard, you will pass the exam

19 why don't we attend the Brighton Language Center.

20.Unless she hurries, she will miss the train.