Mr. Pike _________ English at our school for 20 years before he retired last year.
A. had been teaching 
B. has been teaching
C.was teaching
D. is teaching

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
In the early twentieth century, an American woman named Emily Post wrote a book on etiquette. This book explained the proper behavior Americans should follow in many different social (23)         , from birthday parties to funerals. But in modern society, it is not simply to know the proper rules for behavior in your own country. It is necessary for people (24)            work or travel abroad to understand the rules of etiquette in other cultures as well.Cultural (25)           can be found in such simple processes as giving or receiving a gift. In Western cultures, a gift can be given to the receiver with relatively little ceremony. When a gift is offered, the receiver usually takes the gift and expresses his or her thanks. (26)             , in some Asian countries, the act of gift-giving may appear confusing to Westerners. In Chinese culture, both the giver and receiver understand that the receiver will typically refuse to take the gift several times before he or she finally accepts it. In addition, to (27)              respect for the receiver, it is common in several Asian cultures to use both hands when offering a gift to another person.
(Source: Reading Advantage by Casey Malarcher)

A.Therefore
B.However
C.Otherwise
D.Moreover

The passage would most likely be assigned reading in a course on ____________.
A.nineteenth-century novels   
B.  American history
C.modem American literature    
D.oceanography

Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
The proposal has not met with _______ agreement.
A.voluntary
B.universal
C.informal
D.effective

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
People think that traffic congestion in the downtown area is due to the increasing number of private cars.
A.Traffic congestion in the downtown area is blamed for the increasing number of private cars.
B.The increasing number of private cars is thought to be responsible for traffic congestion in the downtown area.
C.The increasing number of private cars is attributed to traffic congestion in the downtown area.
D.Traffic congestion in the downtown area is thought to result in the increasing number of private cars.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Many consumers are prejudiced against commercial goods made in that country. They reject them without even before trying first. 
A.fair
B.biased
C.unreasonable
D.distinguishable

Read the passage carefully, then choose the best answer for each question.
WHO WAS SACAGAWEA?
There are more statues of her than of any other American woman. Her face is on a U.S. coin. Clearly, she was an important person. But what do we know about the real Sacagawea?
Sacagawea was part of a Native American tribe called the Shoshone. At the age of 13, she was taken away by people from the Hidatsa tribe. She was living among the Hidatsa when Meriwether Lewis and William Clark met her in 1804.
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were mapmakers. These pioneers were exploring the western part of the U.S. Because Sacagawea spoke two different Native American languages, they asked her to travel with them, along with her husband and baby son.
Sacagawea became an important part of the group and helped the explorers in many ways. For example, on May 14, 1805, a strong storm tipped over  one of their boats. Sacagawea stayed calm. She acted quickly and was able to save many of the maps and other things from the water. Her actions saved important knowledge from being lost.
As they traveled, Sacagawea helped Lewis and Clark talk to the Native American people in each village they visited. She helped the explorers make friends among the Native Americans, so they could trade with them. She also helped Lewis and Clark find a way across the mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and helped them find food on the way.
Sacagawea died when she was about 25. Sadly, we don't know much more about this amazing woman. But two hundred years later, she is remembered as an important woman in U.S. history.
Which of the following did Sacagawea do to help Lewis and Clark?
A.She helped them draw maps of the places they saw.
B.She saved their lives from a strong storm.
C.She saved their lives when wild animals attacked them.
D.She helped them make friends with the native people.

Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 41 to 45.
CHESS
Chess, often (41)______ to as the Royal Game, is the oldest of all board games which do not contain an element of chance.
The origins of chess are uncertain, (42)______ there are a number of legends regarding its invention. One story says that it was King Solomon who invented chess, another that it was the Greek god Hermes, and yet another that the Chinese mandarin Han-Sing was responsible for its creation. In fact, chess almost certainly originated in India in the sixth or seventh century AD. The game’s popularity then spread quickly through Persia (now known as Iran) and from there came to Europe. The first documented reference to chess in literature is in a Persian romance which was written about 600 AD.
It is (43)_______ the word ‘chess’ comes from ‘shah’, the Persian word for ‘king’ and that ‘checkmate’, the game’s winning (44)_______, comes from the phrase ‘shah mat’, (45)______ ‘the king is dead’.
The rules and pieces used in the game have undergone changes over the centuries. Modem chess owes much to the Spaniard Lopez de Segura, who in 1561 wrote the first book on how to play the game. In it, he introduced the concept of ‘castling’, which had not been part of the game until then.
(41) 
A.mentioned
B.called
C.known
D.referred

III. Choose the best answer to each of the following question.
She ____ hard but also gets on well with her classmates.
A.doesn’t only study
B.studies not only   
C.not only studies   
D.not studies only

A.think 
B.therefore 
C.throughout 
D. thanks