1)
Phản ứng xảy ra:
\(2NaCl + 2{H_2}O\xrightarrow{{đpdd}}2NaOH + {H_2} + C{l_2}\)
Ta có:
\({m_{NaCl}} = 60.98\% = 58,8{\text{ kg}}\)
\( \to {n_{NaCl}} = \frac{{58,8}}{{58,5}} = 1,005{\text{ kmol}}\)
\( \to {n_{C{l_2}lt}} = \frac{1}{2}{n_{NaCl}} = 0,5025{\text{ kmol}}\)
\( \to {n_{C{l_2}}} = 0,5025.95\% = 0,477375{\text{ kmol}}\)
\( \to {V_{C{l_2}}} = 0,477375.22,4 = 10,6932{\text{ }}{{\text{m}}^3} = 10693,2{\text{ lít}}\)
2)
Phản ứng xảy ra:
\(NaHC{O_3} + HCl\xrightarrow{{}}NaCl + C{O_2} + {H_2}O\)
Ta có:
\({n_{C{O_2}}} = \frac{{2,24}}{{22,4}} = 0,1{\text{ mol = }}{{\text{n}}_{HCl}}\)
\( \to {m_{HCl}} = 0,1.36,5 = 3,65{\text{ gam}}\)
\( \to C{\% _{HCl}} = \frac{{3,65}}{{50}} = 7,3\% \)