(1) $(\kern-6pt-C_6H_{10}O_5-\kern-6pt)_n+nH_2O\xrightarrow{{t^o, H^+}} nC_6H_{12}O_6$
(2) $C_6H_{12}O_6\xrightarrow{{\text{men rượu},30-35^oC}} 2CO_2+2C_2H_5OH$
(3) $C_2H_5OH+CuO\xrightarrow{{t^o}} CH_3CHO+Cu+H_2O$
(4) $CH_3CHO+2AgNO_3+3NH_3+H_2O\to CH_3COONH_4+2Ag+2NH_4NO_3$