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Large cities often have problems that small towns and rural areas do not have. Two of the biggest problems are heavy traffic and the pollution that cars create. Of course. Traffic problems and pollution are not only found in big cities. However, the higher populations and larger number of cars on the roads in cities can make the problems happen more often and with more noticeable effects. One of the most common traffic problems the large cities have is congestion. As the population of a city increases, so does the number of cars on the road. Cities cannot always improve the number and size of their roads and highways to keep up with the number of cars. The result is traffic congestion, or traffic jams. When traffic jams happen, cars that are stuck in the congestion continue to run their engines. This creates pollution and is a big problems. Pollution causes health problems for the people in cities and also hurts the environment. . Where do traffic problems and pollution frequently happen? a. small towns b. rural areas c. big cities d. remote villages 2. According to the passage, what causes traffic congestion in big cities? a. A lot of city dwellers b. Too many cars on the roads c. Careless drivers d. Less traffic signs on the streets 3. The high number of cars is caused by_________ a. urban planning b. traffic congestion c. environmental pollution d. the population 4. The highway and road network is ________ of meeting the requirement of increasing number of vehicles. a. full b. aware c. incapable d. uncertain 5. Which of the followings is NOT true? a. Only big cities have the problem of pollution. b. Traffic jams cause pollution c. Pollution is a major problem in big cities. d. Pollution causes health and environmental problems. Task 2. Choose the word which best fits each gap. The Temple of Literature was (0) ___________ in 1070 under Ly Thanh Tong’s dynasty. The temple is divided into five courtyards. The first courtyard stretches (1) ___________ the main gate to Dai Trung gate. The second stands out with Khue Van Cac Pavilion. The third courtyard is (2)___________ doctor names were listed on stone tablets above tortoise backs. There are a total of 82 tombstones, with names and places of birth of 1307 doctors. The fourth courtyard is dedicated to Confucius and his 72 honoured students, as (3) ___________ as Chu Van An – a famous teacher known for his devotion to teaching. The last and also furthest courtyard is Thai Hoc house, which used to be the Imperial Academy (QuocTuGiam) – the first (4) ___________ of Vietnam. Thai Hoc house holds a small (5) ___________ of old time costumes for students and mandarins. 0. a. constructed b. visited c. erected d. considered 1. a. since b. from c. to d. in 2. a. when b. who c. what d. where 3. a. long b. good c. well d. far 4. a. university b. temple c. house d. academy 5. a. collect b. colleting c. collection d. collective

Energy is fundament to human beings. Many poor people in developing countries do not have modern sources of energy like electricity or natural gas, with which their life can be improved. People who live in mountainous areas have to gather wood for fuel. This takes a lot of time. For many people living in rural areas, biogas is the largest energy resource available. The main use of biogas is for cooking and heating, but it can also provide energy for public transport. As biogas is smoke-free, it helps the problem of indoor air pollution. Moreover, it is made from plant waste and animal manure. They cost almost nothing. The tendency to use renewable energy sources in developing sources in developing countries is on the increase as non-renewable ones are running out. In the future, the wind and the sun will be uses as the most important environmentally friendly energy sources. True or False? True False 21. Non-renewable sources are being used up. 22. Many poor people in developing countries do not have little electricity 23. Biogas is a new source of energy available for poor people. 24. Biogas creates a lot of smoke. 25. The new energy source is not costly

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