$a,$ $- 12(x - 5) + 7(3 - x)$ $=$ $5$
$- 12x + 60 + 21 - 7x$ $=$ $5$
$- 19x + 76$ $=$ $0$
$- 19(x - 4)$ $=$ $0$
$x - 4$ $=$ $0$
$x$ $=$ $4$
vậy $x$ $=$ $4$
vậy x thuộc Z
$b,$ $30(x + 2) - 6(x - 5) - 24x$ $=$ $100$
$30x + 60 - 6x + 30 - 24x$ $=$ $100$
$90$ $=$ $100$
(vô lí)