Ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{5}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{y}{7}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{z}{3}\right)^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{25}=\dfrac{y^2}{49}=\dfrac{z^2}{9}\)

Theo tính chất của dãy các tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{25}=\dfrac{y^2}{49}=\dfrac{z^2}{9}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{25+49-9}=\dfrac{585}{65}=9\)

Vậy:

\(\left(\dfrac{x}{5}\right)^2=3^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=3\) hoặc \(\dfrac{x}{5}=-3\)

\(\left(\dfrac{y}{7}\right)^2=3^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{7}=3\) hoặc \(\dfrac{y}{7}=-3\)

\(\left(\dfrac{z}{3}\right)^2=3^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{z}{3}=3\) hoặc \(\dfrac{z}{3}=-3\)

Do đó:

x =15 x = -15

y =21 hoặc y = -21

z = 9 z = -9