Bài 1:
\(1-\left(1-3\right)^3=1+2^3=\left(1+2\right)\left(1-2+4\right)\)
hđt: \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
Bài 3:
a, \(A=4x-x^2=-x^2+4x\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-4\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4\)
Ta có: \(-\left(x-2\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x-2\right)^2+4\le4\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(MAX_A=4\) khi x = 2
b, \(B=x-x^2=-x^2+x\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu " = " khi \(-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(MAX_B=\dfrac{1}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c, \(C=2x-2x^2-5\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-2.x\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=-2\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{4}\right]\)
\(=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\le\dfrac{-9}{2}\)
Dấu " = " khi \(-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(MAX_C=\dfrac{-9}{2}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 4:
\(M=x^2+y^2-x+6y+10\)
\(=\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\\\left(y+3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(MIN_M=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2},y=-3\)
