Đáp án:
12/
Gọi công thức muối là RX(R là kim loại, X là halogen)
RX + AgNO3 --> AgX + RNO3
nAgX=$\frac{14,35}{108+X}$
nRX=$\frac{4,25}{R+X}$
Ta có nRX=nAgX
<=>$\frac{4,25}{R+X}$ =$\frac{14,35}{108+X}$
<=>459+4,25X=14,35R+14,35X
<=>10,1X+14,35R=459
Thay lần lượt các halogen là Flo, Clo,Brom,Iot
X=19(Flo)=>R=18,6(Loại)
X=35,5(Clo)=>R=7(Liti)
X=80(Br)=>R=-174,5(loại)
X=127(iot)=>R=-411.85(Loại)
=>Muối là LiCl
a/2HCl $\buildrel{{đpdd}}\over\longrightarrow$ H2 + Cl2
3Cl2 + 2Fe $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2FeCl3
FeCl3 + 3NaOH --> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl
2NaCl + H2OS4đ $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ Na2SO4 + 2HCl
HCl + CuO --> CuCl2 + H2O
CuCl2 -->Ag???
b/
2KMnO4+16HCl đ $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2MnCl2 + 2KCl + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
Cl2 + H2 $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2HCl
6HCl + Fe2O3 $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
FeCl3 + 3AgNO3 --> 3AgCl + Fe(NO3)3
2AgCl $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2Ag+ Cl2
Cl2 +2 NaBr --> 2NaCl + Br2
Br2 + 2NaI --> 2NaBr + I2
c/
2KMnO4+16HCl đ $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2MnCl2 + 2KCl + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
Cl2 + H2 $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2HCl
2HCl + Fe --> FeCl2 + H2
FeCl2 + 2AgNO3 --> 2AgCl + Fe(NO3)2
2AgCl $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2Ag+ Cl2
d/
2HCl $\buildrel{{đpdd}}\over\longrightarrow$ H2 + Cl2
C3l2 + 2Fe $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2FeCl3
FeCl3 + 3NaOH --> Fe(OH)3 + 3NaCl
2Fe(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 +6H2O
e/
2HCl $\buildrel{{đpdd}}\over\longrightarrow$ H2 + Cl2
Cl2 + 2Na $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2NaCl
2NaCl + H2SO4đ $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ Na2SO4 + 2HCl
2HCl + CuO --> CuCl2 + H2O
CuCl2 + 2AgNO3 --> 2AgCl + Cu(NO3)2
2AgCl $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ 2Ag+ Cl2
f/
MnO2 + 4HCl đ $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2HO
3Cl2 + 6KOHđ $\buildrel{{100^oC}}\over\longrightarrow$ KClO3 + 5KCl + 3H2O
KClO3 +3 HCl --> KCl + 3Cl2 + 3H2O
2KCl + H2SO4 đ $\buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow$ K2SO4 + 2HCl
2HCl $\buildrel{{đpdd}}\over\longrightarrow$ H2 + Cl2
Cl2 + Ca(OH)2 --> CaOCl2 + H2O
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