Các cấu trúc với động từ nguyên mẫu và danh động từ

CÁC CẤU TRÚC VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU VÀ DANH ĐỘNG TỪ

Các cấu trúc đi với động từ nguyên mẫu có “TO”

To V: để làm gì

Eg: To get high scores in exam, you have to study harder.

It takes sb...to V

Eg: It took him a day to finish the report.

Be about to do sth= be going to do sth: chuẩn bị làm gì

Eg: The man is about to step on the boat.

Be adj (of sb) to V

Eg: I’m delighted to help you.

Be (a/an) noun to V

Eg: It was a great honour to be invited here today.

How/ where/ when/ who....to V

Eg: I don’t know what to say.

Whether to V

Eg: I wonder whether to leave or to stay.

Đại từ bất định + to V

Eg: There wasn’t anything to buy.

Find it adj to V: thấy cái gì như thế nào

Eg: I find it difficult to learn new words.

The first/ the second/ the last/.../the only to V

Eg: She is the only person in her village to study abroad.

Used to V

Eg: I used to go swimming with my father after school when I was small.

Too adj to V: quá...

Eg: He is too short to become a pilot

Adj enough to V: đủ

Eg: He isn’t tall enough to become a pilot

Noun enough to V: đủ

Eg: I don’t have enough money to affrord a car.

Sau các danh từ:

Ability/ambition/anxiety/attempt/decision/desire/ determination/ eagerness/effort/failure/offer/plan/promise/refusal/wish/willingness....to V

Eg: This competition nurses their ambition to become successful bisinessmen.

Lược bỏ bớt động từ

Eg: Why are you learning so hard?

CÁC CẤU TRÚC ĐI VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU KHÔNG “TO”

Would rather do ath than do sth else

Eg: I’d rather play tennis than go to the cinema.

Had better V

Eg: She had better leave him.

CÁC CẤU TRÚC ĐI VỚI DANH ĐỘNG TỪ

To be busy Ving

Eg: She’s busy doing her exercise so that she can hand it in before deadline.

No Ving

Eg: No parking./ No smoking.

Look forward to Ving

Eg: I look forward to hearing from you.

Feel like

Eg: Do you feel like going out?

There is no point in Ving

Eg: There is no point in waiting as he won’t come.

It’s not worth Ving

Eg: It’s not worth spending too much time on this issue.

It’s no use/good Ving

Eg: It’s no use asking his opinion

To be/get used to/ to be accustomed to Ving

Eg: I am used to getting early in the morning.

Spend time/money Ving

Eg: They spent two hours making the cake.

Cannot bear/stand

Eg: She couldn’t bear having cats in the house

Cannot help

Eg: I couldn’t help laughing when I read that book.

VÍ DỤ MINH HỌA

Điền vào chỗ trống

My sister was about.........(go) to sleep when her boyfriend phoned.
It’s no good..........( ask) her for help as she is so selfish.
He is used to.........(get) up early in the morning.
I always remember...........(turn) off the lights before I leave my house.
I am looking forward to...........(see) you.

GIẢI THÍCH

Đáp án “to go”

Cấu trúc “to be about+ to v”: chuẩn bị làm gì

Dịch: Chị gái tôi chuẩn bị đi ngủ thì bạn trai gọi điện.

Đáp án “asking”

It’s no good +Ving: vô ích khi làm gì

Dịch: Nhờ cô ấy giúp đỡ cũng vô ích mà thôi vì cô ấy quá ích kỉ

Đáp án “getting”

Cấu trúc “be used to +Ving”: đã quen với

Dịch: Cô ấy đã quen với việc thức dậy sớm vào buổi sáng

Đáp án: “to turn”

Remember to V: nhớ phải làm gì

Dịch: Cô ấy luôn luôn nhớ phải tắt đèn trước khi ra khỏi phòng.

Đáp án “seeing”

Cấu trúc “look forward to Ving”

Dịch: Tôi mong được gặp bạn.

BÀI TẬP RÈN LUYỆN

That book isn’t worth........... (read/reading/being read/ to read)
It’s no good ...........(to tell//tell/telling/not to tell)him the truth now.
It’s no use.........( pretending/pretend/to pretend/pretended) you didn’t know.
When I’m on holiday, I enjoy.........( not have/not having/having not/not to have) to get up early.
That’s all right, I don’t mind....(have kept/having kept/be kept/being kept) waiting.
She admitted.........(stolen/be stealing/have stolen/having stolen) the money.
Would you mind.........( closing/close/have closed/ to close) the door?
William suggest..........(to go/gone/go/going) to the cinema.
Your shoes need........(to be cleaned/cleaning/to clean/clean).
Do you consider..........(to invite/invite/inviting/have invited) our friends on Sunday?