I. ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1 ( NÓI VỀ SỰ VIỆC CÓ THỂ XẢY RA TRONG TƯƠNG LAI)
Công thức :
If + S + V(present), S + will + V-inf ….
*Chủ ngữ S trong câu điều kiện trên có thể giống nhau hoặc khác nhau.
Ex: If I have free time, I will go out with you.
(Nếu anh rãnh, anh sẽ đi chơi với em)
If he says “I love you”, she will feel extremely happy.
( Nếu anh nói anh yêu em, cô ấy sẽ cảm thấy cực kì hạnh phúc)
II. ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2 ( NÓI VỀ SỰ VIỆC KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở HIỆN TẠI)
Công thức :
If + S + V2/V-ed/be(were), S + would + V-inf ….
*Chủ ngữ S trong câu điều kiện trên có thể giống nhau hoặc khác nhau.
Ex: If I were the judge, I would sentence that criminal to death
(Nếu tôi là thẩm phán, tôi đã kết án tử hình tên tội phạm đó rồi)
If I stayed at home now, my mom would force me to do the homework.
(Nếu tôi mà đang ở nhà bây giờ, mẹ tôi sẽ bắt tôi làm bài tập)
III. ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 3 (NÓI VỀ SỰ VIỆC KHÔNG CÓ THẬT TRONG QUÁ KHỨ)
Công thức :
If + S + had V3/V-ed, S + would have + V3/V-ed….
*Chủ ngữ S trong câu điều kiện trên có thể giống nhau hoặc khác nhau.
Ex: If I hadn’t treated her too badly, She wouldn’t have left me behind.
(Nếu tôi đã không đối xử tệ với cô ấy thì cô ấy đã không bỏ tôi lại rồi)
If he had come in time for help, shxe wouldn’t have died.
( Nếu ông ấy đến kịp để giúp thì bà đã không chết rồi).
# Ngoài ra chúng ta còn có thể sử dụng kết hợp câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3 để nói về nguyên nhân không có thật ở quá khứ và kết quả không có thật ở hiện tại
Ex: If I had studied last night, I wouldn’t have get a big zero now.
(Nếu tôi chịu học bài thì tôi đã không ăn trứng ngỗng như bây giờ).
IV. BÀI TẬP RÈN LUYỆN
- If I (study), I (pass) the exams.
- If the sun (shine), we (walk) into town.
- If he (have) a temperature, he (see) the doctor.
- If my friends (come), I (be) very happy.
- If she (earn) a lot of money, she (fly) to New York.
- If we (travel) to Hanoi, we (visit) the museums.
- If you (wear) sandals in the mountains, you (slip) on the rocks.
- If Giang (forget) her homework, the teacher (give) her a low mark.
- If they (go) to the disco, they (listen) to loud music.
- If you (wait) a minute, I (ask) my parents.
- If I (come) home earlier, I (prepare) dinner.
- If we (live) in HCMC, my boyfriend (visit) us.
- If Tung and Thanh (be) older, they (play) in our football team.
- If he (be) my friend, I (invite) him to my birthday party.
- If Xuan (study) harder, she (be) better at school.
- If they (have) enough money, they (buy) a new car.
- If you (do) a paper round, you (earn) a little extra money.
- If Minh (get) more pocket money, he (ask) Lam out for dinner.
- If we (win) the lottery, we (fly) to London.
- If I (meet) Brad Pitt, I (ask) for his autograph.
- If the weather (be) nice, they (play) football.
- If we (go) to a good restaurant, we (have) a better dinner.
- If An (learn) more words, he (write) a good report.
- If the boys (take) the bus to school, they (arrive) on time.
- If the teacher (explain) the homework, I (do) it.
- If they (wait) for another 10 minutes, they (see) the pop star.
- If the police (come) earlier, they (arrest) the burglar.
- If you (buy) fresh green vegetable, your salad (taste) better.
- If Alex (ask) me, I (email) the documents.
- If he (speak) more slowly, Peggy (understand) him.
#GỢI Ý
- study/will pass
- shines/will walk
- has/must see
- come/will be
- earns/will fly
- travel/will visit
- wear/may slip
- forgets/will give
- go/have to
- wait/will ask
- came/would prepare
- lived/would visit
- were/would play
- were/would invite
- studied/would be
- had/could buy
- did/could earn
- got/could ask
- won/would fly
- met/would ask
- had been/could have played
- had gone/would have had
- had learnt/could have written
- had taken/could have arrived
- had explained/could have done
- had waited/might have seen
- had come/could have arrested
- had bought/would have tasted
- had asked/would have emailed
- had asked/could have understood
- will have
- looked
- had fed
- could understand
- would arrive
- would have had
- swim
- press
- had asked
- would call/were
- listened
- could have fallen
- had been
- won’t dry out
- gave
- wouldn’t have taken
- won’t find
- had used
- would visit
- would read