Phân biệt Would rather - Would like - Would prefer và nâng cao
- Giống nhau:
Would rather & would prefer: có nghĩa là thích A hơn (B)
Would like : diễn đạt một cách lịch sự 1 lời mời hoặc ý muốn của mình.
- Khác nhau:
WOULD RATHER
Khi ta dùng “would rather” thì động từ theo sau phải là động từ nguyên mẫu không “to” (bare infinitive):
1. Affirmative:
S + would rather + V(bare inf) + O.
Eg: I would rather study English.
2. Negative:
S + would rather + not + V(bare inf) + O.
Eg: He would rather not study English.
3. Interrogative:
Would + S + rather + V(bare inf) + O?
Eg: Would you rather study German or Chinese?
WOULD PREFER
Khi ta dùng “would prefer” ta chia ra hai tình huống:
- Tình huống thứ nhất nếu trong câu chỉ có một sự kiện hoặc một hành động thì động từ chính theo sau “would prefer” phải là động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”.
- Tình huống thứ hai nếu trong câu có hai sự kiện hoặc hai hành động thì động từ chính theo sau “would prefer” phải là V-ing (gerund).
1. Affirmative:
S + would prefer + to + V(bare inf) + O.
Eg: I would prefer to study English.
S + would prefer + V-ing + O + to + V-ing + O.
Eg: She would prefer learning English to watching TV.
2. Negative:
S + would prefer + not + to + V(bare inf) + O.
Eg: I would prefer not to go out without aim.
S + would prefer + not + V-ing + O + to + V-ing + O.
Eg: She would prefer not cooking dinner to watching TV.
3. Interrogative:
Would (Do/Does) + S + prefer + to + V(bare inf) + O + or + O?
Eg: Would you prefer to take a video or a photography class?
Would (Do/ Does) + S + prefer + V-ing + O + to + V-ing + O?
Eg: Would you prefer playing chess to watching TV?
WOULD LIKE
Would like = would care /love/ hate/ prefer + to + verb khi diễn đạt điều kiện cho một hành động cụ thể ở tương lai.
Eg: Would you like/ care to come with me? I'd love to
- Would like/ would care for/ would enjoy + Verb-ing khi diễn đạt khẩu vị, ý thích nói chung của chủ ngữ.
*Lưu ý:
Các dạng Expressing Preference nâng cao:
Wish/If only + S + past
- Cách sử dụng: hối tiếc về sự kiện ở hiện tại.
- Eg: It bothers me that I don’t know what to do = I wish/If only I knew what to do.
Wish/If only + S + past perfect
- Cách sử dụng: hối tiếc về sự kiện xảy ra ở quá khứ.
- Eg: It bothered me that I arrived late = I wish/If only I hadn’t arrived late.
Wish + to inf
- Cách sử dụng: thể hiện mong muốn.
- Eg: I wish to see the manager = I would like/want to see the manager.
I wish + you would
Never: I wish I would
- Cách sử dụng: để than phiền, thể hiện sự không vừa lòng.
- Eg: I wish the two of you would stop arguing all the time.
If only + S + would
- Cách sử dụng: để than phiền, thể hiện sự không vừa lòng.
- Eg: If only it would stop raining!
Would rather + perfect inf
- Cách sử dụng: thì quá khứ: phải cùng Subject
- Eg: I regret having attended the wedding reception = I’d rather (not) have attended the wedding reception.
Would rather + past simple
- Cách sử dụng: thì hiện tại/tương lai: khác Subject
- Eg: I (don’t) want you to go = I’d rather you didn’t go.
Would rather + past perfect
- Cách sử dụng: thì quá khứ: khác Subject
- Eg: I am sorry that you had to see him like this = I’d rather you hadn’t seen him like this.
Prefer
- Prefer + gerund/noun + to + gerund/noun
Eg: I prefer swimming to jogging.
I prefer coffee to tea.
- Prefer to do A rather than (do) B
Eg: I prefer to swim rather than jog
I prefer to drink tea rather than (drink) coffee.
Would prefer
- I’d prefer + noun
Eg: I’d prefer coffee.
- I’d prefer (not) to do A (rather than do B)
Eg: I’d prefer to drink coffee (rather than drink tea)
Exercises:
Sentence transformations:
- It’s a pity that she didn’t show up.
- I wish/If only…………………………………………….up.
- Will you ever shut up?
- If only…………………….........up!
- I am sorry that he was convicted. I am sure he was innocent.
- I wish/If olny…………………………………convicted.
- I would like to speak to the chef, please.
- I wish……………………….to the chef, please.
- It really bothers me that you keep whispering.
- I wish ………………………whispering.
- I don’t want you to work here
- I ‘d rather………………………..there.
- I prefer not to cook tonight.
- I’d rather ………………………..tonight.
- I prefer to be driving than waiting for the bus.
- I’d rather………………………….for the bus.
- What the shame that she left early!
- I wish/If only…………………………..early.
- I regret not having worked here.
- I’d rather…………………………….harder.
- I am sorry that they have been telling lies.
- I’d rather…………………………….lies.
- I prefer communicating to taking my car.
- I prefer to…………………………….my car.
- I prefer chocolate to other sweets.
- I prefer to…………………………other sweets.
- I prefer eating …………………….other sweets.
- I’d rather not know.
- I’d prefer………………………………know.
Key:
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