KINH NGHIỆM LÀM BÀI TẬP PHẦN VIẾT LẠI CÂU
1. Các trường hợp viết lại câu trong tiếng anh
- Dùng 1 cấu trúc công thức nào đó trong Tiếng Anh
- Dùng dạng khác của từ ngữ trong câu
- Chuyển từ dạng chủ động sang dạng bị động
- Chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
- Các trường hợp về đảo ngữ trong câu tiếng anh
* CHÚ Ý KHI VIẾT LẠI CÂU:
+ Về thì: câu được viết lại phải cùng thì với câu đã cho trước đó
+ Về ngữ pháp: câu được viết lại phải đúng về mặt ngữ pháp
+ Về nghĩa của câu: câu sau khi được viết lại phải có nghĩa không đổi so với câu ban đầu
2. Một số cấu trúc sử dụng để viết lại câu
* Understand = to be aware of
Do you understand the grammar structure? = Are you aware of the grammar structure?
Dịch: Bạn có hiểu cấu trúc ngữ pháp không?
* Like = to be interested in = enjoy = keen on = fond of sth
I like collecting stamps = I am interested in collecting stamps = I bcollecting stamps = I am keen on collecting stamps = I’m fond of collecting stamps.
Dịch: Tôi yêu thích việc sưu tầm tem.
* Because + clause = because of + N
He can’t move because his leg was broken = He can’t move because of his broken leg
Dịch: Anh ấy không thể di chuyển vì chân anh ấy bị gãy = Anh ấy không thể di chuyển vì cái chân gãy.
* Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N
She is old, she can compute very fast = Despite/In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast.
Dịch: Mặc dù đã nhiều tuổi, nhưng bà ấy có thể tính toán rất nhanh
* Succeed in doing sth = manage to do sth
We succeeded in digging the Panama canal = We managed to dig the Panama canal
Dịch; Chúng tôi đã thành công trong việc đào kênh Panama
* To be not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth
It’s not worth making him get up early = There is no point in making him getting early
Dịch: Gọi anh ấy dậy sớm không có ích gì đâu
* It seems that = it appears that = it is likely that = it looks as if/ as though
It seems that he will come late = It appears that / it is likely he will come late = He is likely to come late = It looks as if he will come late
Dịch: Có vẻ như anh ấy sẽ đến muộn.
* Prefer doing sth to doing sth = Would rather do sth than do sth = S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth
She prefers staying at home to going out = She’d rather stay at home than go out = She like staying at home better than going out.
Dịch: Cô ấy thích ở nhà hơn là ra ngoài đường.
* S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N = S + be accustomed to + Ving
Lan often cried when she meets with difficulties = Lan is used to crying when she meets with difficulties = Lan is accustomed to crying when she meets with difficulties.
Dịch: Lan thường khóc mỗi khi cô ấy gặp khó khăn.
3. Một số bài tập ví dụ viết lại câu
Câu 1: "If I were you, I would take the job," said my room-mate.
A. My room-mate was thinking about taking the job.
B. My room-mate advised me to take the job.
C. My room-mate introduced the idea of taking the job to me.
D. My room-mate insisted on taking the job for me.
Đáp án B
Có “if I were..., dùng câu tường thuật chỉ lời khuyên: advised SB + to do ST
Câu 2: "It's too stuffy in this room, isn't it?" said the guest.
A. The guest suggested that the room should be aired.
B. The guest remarked that the room should be aired.
C. The guest said that the room was too crowded.
D. The guest said that there was too much stuff in the room.
Đáp án A
Câu tường thuật dạng lời đề nghị với sugested: “Phòng quá bừa bộn phải không nào?”
Câu 3: "Cigarette?" he asked. "No, thanks." I said.
A. He asked for a cigarette, and I immediately refused.
B. He mentioned a cigarette, so I thanked him.
C. He offered me a cigarette, but I promptly declined.
D. He asked if I was smoking, and I denied at once.
Đáp án C
Câu tường thuật dạng hỗn hợp lời đề nghị với offered + tường thuật câu trả lời yes/no : “hút thuốc nhé”/ không, cảm ơn
Câu 4: She tried very hard to pass the driving test. She could hardly pass it.
A. Although she didn’t try hard to pass the driving test, she could pass it.
B. Despite being able to pass the driving test, she didn’t pass it.
C. No matter how hard she tried, she could hardly pass the driving test.
D. She tried very hard, so she passed the driving test satisfactorily.
Đáp án C
Giải thích: Cấu trúc could + hardly + V (khó khăn để làm gì)
Dịch nghĩa: Cô ấy đã cố gắng rất nhiều để có thể đậu kỳ thi lái xe. Cô ấy khó có thể thi đậu được.
C: Dù có cố gắng thế nào đi nữa, cô ấy cũng khó có thể đậu kỳ thi lái xe.
A: Mặc dù cô ấy không cố gắng nhiều để đậu kỳ thi lái xe, cô ấy vẫn thi đậu.
B: Mặc dù có thể đậu được kỳ thi lái xe, cô ấy đã không đậu.
D: Cô ấy đã cố gắng nhiều vì vậy cô ấy đã đậu kỳ thi lái xe một cách hài lòng.
Câu 5: We didn’t want to spend a lot of money. We stayed in a cheap hotel.
A. Rather than spending a lot of money, we stayed in a cheap hotel.
B. In spite of spending a lot of money, we stayed in a cheap hotel.
C. We stayed in a cheap hotel, but we had to spend a lot of money.
D. We didn’t stay in a cheap hotel as we had a lot of money to spend.
Đáp án A
Giải thích: rather than sth = instead of sth (Thay vì)
Dịch nghĩa: Chúng tôi không muốn tiêu nhiều tiền. Chúng tôi ở trong một khách sạn rẻ tiền.
A: Thay vì tiêu nhiều tiền, chúng tôi ở trong một khách sạn rẻ tiền.
B: Mặc dù tiêu nhiều tiền, chúng tôi ở trong một khách sạn rẻ tiền.
C: Chúng tôi ở trong một khách sạn rẻ tiền nhưng chúng tôi phải tiêu nhiều tiền.
D: Chúng tôi đã không ở trong một khách sạn rẻ tiền vì chúng tôi có rất nhiều tiền tiêu.
4. Bài tập áp dụng:
Câu 1: Shakespeare wrote " Romeo and Juliet" in 1605.
A. "Romeo and Juliet" were written by Shakespeare in1605
B. "Romeo and Juliet" was written by Shakespeare in 1605.
C. "Romeo and Juliet" was written in 1605 by Shakespeare.
D. "Romeo and Juliet" were written in 1605 by Shakespeare
Câu 2: My sister is often sick because she doesn't do physical exercise.
A. If my sister does physical exercise, she won't often be sick.
B. If my sister isn't physical exercise, she does sick.
C. If my sister did physical exercise, she wouldn't often be sick.
D. If my sister wasn't physical exercise, she would do sick.
Câu 3: The man who is speaking to John is my brother.
A. The man spoke to John is my brother.
B. The man spoken to John is my brother.
C. The man is speaking to John is my brother.
D. The man speaking to John is my brother.
Câu 4:No one has seen Linda since the day of the party.
A. Linda has not been seen since the day of the party.
B. Linda is nowhere to be seen at the party.
C. The party is going on without Linda.
D. No one has seen Linda for ages.
Câu 5.He talked about nothing except the weather.
A. He talked about everything including weather.
B. His sole topic of conversation was the weather.
C. He had nothing to say about the weather.
D. He said he had no interest in the weather.
Câu 6.He doesn’t study hard, so he can fail the exam.
A. If he studies hard, he won’t fail the exam.
B. If he didn’t study hard, he wouldn’t fail the exam.
C. If he studied hard, he wouldn’t fail the exam.
D. If he hadn’t studied hard, he wouldn’t have failed the exam.
Câu 7: There won’t be peace in the conflict if both sides do not really desire it.
A. It is only if both sides actually want the conflict to end peacefully that it will happen.
B. As both sides in the conflict apparently desire peace, it is likely that there will be peace soon.
C. The main problem in the conflict seems to be that neither side really desires peace.
D. There has been a lot of fighting in the conflict because both sides seem to want it that way.
Câu 8: The accident happened as a result of the driver’s not paying attention to the road.
A. If the driver would have paid attention to the road, the accident hadn’t happened.
B. Had the driver been paid attention to the road, the accident wouldn’t have happened.
C. If the driver had been paying attention to the road, the accident wouldn’t have happened.
D. Had the accident not happened, the driver would not have had to pay attention to the road.
Câu 9: “Shall I help you do the dishes, Carlo?” said Robert.
A. Robert suggested helping Carlo with the dishes.
B. Robert suggested to help Carlo do the dishes.
C. Robert offered Carlo to help do the dishes.
D. Robert offered to help Carlo do the dishes.
Câu 10: The president offered his congratulations to the players when they won the cup.
A. The president congratulated the players on their winning the match.
B. When they won the cup, the players had been offered some congratulations from the president.
C. The president would offered the players congratulations if they won the match.
D. The president congratulated that the players had won the cup.
Câu 11: A house in that district will cost at least $100,000.
A. If you have $100,000, you can buy a house in that district.
B. You won’t be able to buy a house in that district for less than $100,000.
C. You won’t be able to buy a house in that district for more than $100,000.
D. $100,000 is the maximum price for a house in that district.
Câu 12: To get to work on time, they have to leave at 6.00am.
A. They always leave for work at 6.00am.
B. They have to leave very early to catch a bus to work.
C. Getting to work on time, for them, means leaving at 6.00am.
D. Leaving at 6.00am, they have never been late for work.
Câu 13: Harry does not eat like a horse anymore.
A. Harry used to eat like a horse.
B. Harry used to eat a horse.
C. Harry does not like a horse.
D. Harry has never eaten too much.
Câu 14: “How long have you been in this job?” She asked him.
A. She asked him how long he has been in that job.
B. She asked him how long has he been in that job.
C. She asked him how long he had been in that job.
D. She asked him how long had he been in that job.
Câu 15: People think that traffic congestion in the downtown area is due to the increasing number of private cars.
A. Traffic congestion in the downtown area is blamed for the increasing number of private cars.
B. The increasing number of private cars is thought to be responsible for traffic congestion in the downtown area.
C. The increasing number of private cars is attributed to traffic congestion in the downtown area.
D. Traffic congestion in the downtown area is thought to result in the increasing number of private cars.
Câu 16: They bought a gift that was very expensive for their son.
A. They gave their son a gift that was very expensive.
B. Their son bought an expensive gift for his birthday.
C. The gift was so expensive that they didn’t buy it for their son.
D. Although the gift was inexpensive, they didn’t buy it for their son.
Câu 17: We could’t have managed our business successfully without my father’s money.
A. Had it not been for my father’s money, we couldn’t have managed our business successfully.
B. We could have managed our business successfully with my father’s money.
C. If we could manage our business successfully, my father would give us his money.
D. If we couldn’t have managed our business successfully, we would have had my father’s money.
Câu 18: He wants his wife to quit her job and look after their children.
A. He would like his wife to stop working and looking after their children.
B. He wants to quit his job and his wife look after their children.
C. He would like his wife to continue working in spite of looking after their children.
D. He would like his wife to stop working and look after their children.
Câu 19: Mr. Brown said to me "Make good use of your time. You wont get such an opportunity again."
A. Mr. Brown let me make use of my time, knowing that I wouldn't get such an opportunity again.
B. Mr. Brown ordered me to make good use of my time, said that I wouldn't get such an opportunity again.
C. Mr. Brown offered me such an opportunity so that I could make good use of my time.
D. Mr Brown advised me to make good use of my time as I wouldn't get such an opportunity again.
Câu 20: Perhaps, the violence was provoked by the fans of the visiting team.
A. It can have been the visiting team's fans that set off the violence.
B. The fans of the visiting team must have been the people who began the violence.
C. There might have been some violence caused by the visiting team's fans.
D. The fans of the visiting team should have brought about the violence.
Câu 21: People say that Mr Goldman gave nearly a million pounds to charity last year.
A. Mr Goldman is said to have given nearly a million pounds to charity last year.
B. Nearly a million pounds is said to be given to charity by Mr Goldman.
C. Mr Goldman was said to have given nearly a million pounds to charity last year.
D. Nearly a million pounds was said to have been given to charity by Mr Goldman.
Câu 22: I really regret that you haven’t told me about her family.
A. If only you would tell me about her family.
B. If only I didn’t regret that you hadn’t told me about her family.
C. If only you had told me about her family.
D. If only you hadn’t told me about her family.
Câu 23: I don’t think Max broke your vase because he wasn’t here then.
A. Max wouldn’t have broken your vase because he wasn’t here then.
B. Max was likely to break your vase because he wasn’t here then.
C. Max can’t have broken your vase because he wasn’t here then.
D. Max wasn’t able to break your vase because he wasn’t here then.
Câu 24: “ I say again. This is the most important assignment of the semester”, the professor said.
A. The professor confirmed that that was the most important assignment of the semester.
B. The professor informed that that was the most important assignment of the semester.
C. The professor threatened that that was the most important assignment of the semester.
D. The professor replied that that was the most important assignment of the semester.
Câu 25: For a cold, doctors often recommend that you rest and drink lot of fluids.
A. Doctors would rather give advice about cold than about fluids.
B. Rest and liquids are frequently advised for treatment of colds.
C. The doctors recommend that you have a cold soft drinks.
D. You were told to come out of the cold and rest.
Câu 26: “Absence makes the heart grow fonder”.
A. Being apart from someone you love makes you love them more.
B. Our heart needs absence to grow.
C. Being apart from someone you love makes you love them less.
D. Absence makes us grow older.
Câu 27: My cousin shows a desire to put aside the status of the school child.
A. The status of the school child makes my cousin happy.
B. My cousin doesn’t want to be a school child anymore.
C. My cousin is determined to put up with the other school children.
D. My cousin decides to play down the status of the school child.
Câu 28: Only their own mother can tell Simon and Mike apart.
A. No one other than their own mother can separate Simon and Mike.
B. Simon and Mike bear some resemblance to each other.
C. It's very difficult to distinguish Simon and Mike.
D. Except for their own mother, no one can talk to Simon and Mike.
Câu 29: "How beautiful is the dress you have just bought!" Peter said to Mary.
A. Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress.
B. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress.
C. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress.
D. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress.
Câu 30: Those who are riding a motorbike are not allowed to take off their helmet.
A. People must never take their helmet off while they are riding a motorbike.
B. Those who are wearing a helmet are not allowed to ride a motorbike.
C. It is the helmet that one needn't wear when he is riding a motorbike
D. You should not wear a helmet when you are riding a motorbike.
Key
|
1.B |
2.C |
3.D |
4.A |
5.B |
6.A |
7.A |
8.C |
9.D |
10.D |
|
11.B |
12.C |
13.A |
14.D |
15.B |
16.A |
17.A |
18.D |
19.D |
20.C |
|
21.A |
22.C |
23.C |
24.D |
25.B |
26.A |
27.B |
28.C |
29.D |
30.A |
