UNIT 6. GENDER EQUALITY
Bình đẳng giới
- Từ vựng:
- address/əˈdres/(v): giải quyết
- affect/əˈfekt/ (v): ảnh hưởng
- caretaker /ˈkeəteɪkə(r)/ (n):người trông nom nhà
- challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/(n):thách thức
- discrimination/dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ (n):phân biệt đối xử
- effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ (adj):có hiệu quả
- eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/(v): xóa bỏ
- encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/(v):động viên, khuyến khích
- enrol /ɪnˈrəʊl/(v):đăng ký nhập học
- enrolment /ɪnˈrəʊlmənt/(n): sự đăng ký nhập học
- equal /ˈiːkwəl/ (adj):ngang bằng
- equality /iˈkwɒləti/(n):ngang bằng, bình đẳng
- inequality /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/(n):không bình đẳng
- force /fɔːs/(v): bắt buộc, ép buộc
- gender /ˈdʒendə(r)/ (n): giới, giới tính
- government/ˈɡʌvənmənt/(n): chính phủ
- income /ˈɪnkʌm/(n):thu thập
- limitation/ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn/ (n):hạn chế, giới hạn
- loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ (n):sự cô đơn
- opportunity/ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ (n):cơ hội
- personal /ˈpɜːsənl/(adj):cá nhân
- progress /ˈprəʊɡres/(n): tiến bộ
- property /ˈprɒpəti/(n): tài sản
- pursue/pəˈsjuː/ (v): theo đuổi
- qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/(adj): đủ khả năng/ năng lực
- remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ (adj):đáng chú ý, khác thường
- right /raɪt/ (n):quyền lợi
- sue /suː/ (v): kiện
- treatment/ˈtriːtmənt/(n): sự đối xử
- violent /ˈvaɪələnt/ (adj): có tính bạo lực, hung dữ
- violence/ˈvaɪələns/(n): bạo lực; dữ dội
- wage/weɪdʒ/ (n): tiền lương
- workforce /ˈwɜːkfɔːs/ (n): lực lượng lao động
- Ngữ pháp:
The passive voice with Modals (Thể bị động của động từ khiếm khuyết):
- Nếu trong câu chủ động có những động từ khiếm khuyết: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, ought to, must, have to, used to,... thì trong câu bị động sẽ được chuyển như saư:
- Active: modal verb + V1
- Passive: modal verb + be + V3
Ex: Active: I can use this machine.
Passive: This machine can be used by me.
- Bài tập tự luyện có đáp án:
Bài tập 1: Complete each sentence so that it contains might, might not, must, mustn't, can or can't. More than one answer may be possible.
- Don't stand up in the boat! You _____ fall in the river!
- Sue says she's stuck in traffic and she _____ be late.
- You really _____ start spending more time on your work.
- Tell Peter he. _____ stay the night here if he wants to.
- That's a really stupid idea! You _____ be serious, surely!
- You _____ realize it, but this is very important to me.
- Don't be silly. You_____ expect me to believe you!
- We're not sure but we_____ go to Prague for Christmas this year.
- I learn to fly! You_____ be joking!
- Bill cooked the lunch, so you _____ expect anything special!
Bài tập 2: Fill in the blank with must have been, can’t(couldn’t) have been, have to/had to (be) and didn’t have to (be):
-
- He knows a lot about flying plane. He_____a pilot when he was young.
- Vera _____at the supermarket this morning. I didn’t see her there.
- John _____at the bank until 10, so he arrived here five minutes ago.
- When she _____at the hospital? Early this morning.
- We had enough foreign currency left at the end of the holiday, so I _____buy any more.
- Monica knew exactly what to do. I ____ tell her twice.
- There _____an accident on South Street because the road is closed off.
- I left a message on your answer phone last night. You _____out.
- You _____ waiting long. After all, I’m only five minutes late.
- The fire alarm went and we _____out of the building in two minutes.
Bài tập 3: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words
- I think you should give up smoking immediately. (had)
I think you_______________________________________
- It’s necessary for me to bring my passport. (have)
I _______________________________________
- It’s very inconvenient if you can’t drive. (able)
- I am sure that John is not the thief. (can’t)
- I am sure that the cat is in the house somewhere. (must)
Bài tập 4: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words
- I’m sure that you didn’t lock the front door. Here is the key.
You can’t _____________________________________________
- It was quite unnecessary for you to carry all those parcels home yourself.
You_______________________________________________________
- It was careless of you to leave the windows open last night.
You shouldn’t_____________________________________
- I’m sure it wasn’t Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston.
It can’t__________________________________________
- I’m sure Alison made arrangement. I recognized her voice.
It must____________________________________________
- Maybe John’s working this weekend.
John _________________________________________________
- I’m sure he didn’t know that his brother was seriously ill.
He couldn’t possibly________________________________________
- I didn’t apologize. That was wrong of me.
I should___________________________________________________
- I am sure it was Judy that I saw in town this morning
It must______________________________________________
- It wasn’t necessary for me to go out after all.
I needn’t_________________________________________________
Bài tập 5: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words
- I am sure you were surprised when you heard all the news (must)
You _______________________________when you heard the news
- It wasn’t necessary for you to do all this work (needn’t)
You _______________________________all this work
- Someone almost certainly broke the window on purpose. ( must)
The window _______________________________on purpose
- I’m sure you are very tired after working so hard. (must)
You_______________________________ after working so hard.
- It is possible that one of the men died on the mountain. (may)
One of the men _______________________________on the mountain.
- I’m sure that you were driving too fast (been)
You _______________________________ too fast.
- The thief almost certainly came in through the window. (come)
The thief _______________________________ through the window.
- If he is not in the office, then I’m sure he’s working at home ( must)
If he is not in the office, he _______________________________
ĐÁP ÁN:
Bài tập 1: Complete each sentence so that it contains might, might not, must, mustn't, can or can't. More than one answer may be possible.
- might
- might
- must
- can
- can
- might not
- can’t
- might
- must
- mustn’t
Bài tập 2: Fill in the blank with must have been, can’t(couldn’t) have been, have to/had to (be) and didn’t have to (be):
- must have been.
- couldn't have been.
- didn't have to be.
- have to be.
- didn't have to.
- had to.
- must have been.
- must have been.
- didn't have to be.
- had to be.
Bài tập 3: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words
- I think you had better give up smoking immediately.
- I have to bring my passport.
- It is very inconvenient if you aren’t able to drive.
- I am sure that John can’t be the thief.
- I am sure that the cat must be in the house somewhere.
Bài tập 4: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words
- You can’t have locked the front door. Here is the key.
- You needn’t have carried all those parcels home yourself.
- You shouldn’t have left the windows open last night.
- It can’t have been Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston.
- It must have been Alison who made arrangement. I recognized her voice.
- John may work this weekend
- He couldn’t possibly have known that his brother was seriously ill.
- I should have apologized. That was wrong of me.
- It must have been Judy that I saw in town this morning.
- I needn’t have gone out after all.
Bài tập 5: Rewrite the following sentences using the given words
- You must have been surprised when you heard the news.
- You needn’t have done all this work.
- The window must have been broken on purpose.
- You must be tired after working so hard.
- One of the men may have died on the mountain.
- You must have been driving too fast.
- The thief must have come in through the window.
- If he is not in the office, he must at home.
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