A: KIẾN THỨC TRỌNG TÂM:
1. Dùng V-ing đứng sau N khi câu sử dụng cấu trúc chủ động
Ex: That is the boy who broke the windows yesterday
-> That is the boy breaking the windows yesterday
2. Dùng Qúa khứ phân từ đứng sau N trong cấu trúc bị động
Ex: The house which was built last years is nice
->The house built last years is nice
3. Dùng to Vinf sau N khi trong câu có số từ thứ tự : The first, The second, The last, The only,....
Ex: Mary is the only girl who come to the meeting
-> Mary is the only girl to come to the meeting
Note: - Nếu chủ ngữ 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm for sb trước to inf.
- Nếu trước relative pronoun có giới từ thì phải đem xuống cuối câu.
B: VẬN DỤNG
1. The man who is standing there is my brother
2. The students who were punished by teacher are lazy.
3. He is the last man who left the ship.
4. My brother, who met you yesterday, works for a big firm.
5. Customers who complain about the service should see the manager.
GIẢI CHI TIẾT
1. The man standing there is my brother. Vì câu có dạng chủ động
2. The students punished by teacher are lazy. Vì câu có ''by'' nên dạng bị động
3. He is the last man to leave the ship. Vì câu có ''the last'' - chỉ thứ tự nên dùng to -Vinf
4. My brother, meeting you yesterday, works for a big firm. Vì câu có dạng chủ động
5. Customers complaining about the service should see the manager. Vì câu có dạng chủ động
C: BÀI TẬP:
1.The man who is standing there is a clown.
2. The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it.
3. Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives.
4. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.
5. The student don't know how to do exercise which were given by the teacher yesterday.
6. The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of 1812.
7. The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known orator.
8. All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless.
9. All students don't hand in their papers will fail in the exam.
10. I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.
11. The street which leads to the school is very wide.
12. The system which is used here is very successful.
13. John, who teaches my son, is my neighbor.
14. Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London.
15. The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam.
16. We are driving on the road which was built in 1980.
17. She is the only woman who was appointed to the board.
18. The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt.
19. The mistakes which you have to correct are very important.
20. The vegetable which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals.
GIẢI:
1.The man who is standing there is a clown.
2. The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it.
3. Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives.
4. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.
5. The student don't know how to do exercise which were given by the teacher yesterday.
6. The diagrams which were made by young Faraday were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of 1812.
7. The gentleman who lives next door to me is a well-known orator.
8. All the astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless.
9. All students don't hand in their papers will fail in the exam.
10. I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.
11. The street which leads to the school is very wide.
12. The system which is used here is very successful.
13. John, who teaches my son, is my neighbor.
14. Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London.
15. The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Vietnam.
16. We are driving on the road which was built in 1980.
17. She is the only woman to be appointed to the board
18. The city which was destroyed during the war has now been rebuilt.
19. The mistakes for you to correct are very important.
20. The vegetable which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals.
