WH-QUESTIONS
I. Nguyên tắc đặt câu hỏi:
a. Nếu chưa có trợ động từ thì phải mượn trợ động từ: do / does / did
b. Nếu trợ động từ sẵn có (am / is / are / can / will / shall / could / would) thì đảo chúng ra trước chủ ngữ, không mượn do / does / did nữa.
II. Một số từ hỏi (Wh - words):
1. What: gì, cái gì (vật, ý kiến, hành động)
Dùng để hỏi cho vật, sự việc, hiện tượng (hỏi nghề nghiệp, hình dáng, tính cách...)
eg: What is this? → This is a pen.
What does she look like? → She is beautiful.
► Có thể: What + N
eg: What color is this? → It's red.
What time is it? → It's 10 a.m.
What subject do you like? → English.
2. Who: ai (con người, chủ ngữ)
Dùng để hỏi người (có thể là chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ)
eg: Who is this? → This is my father.
Who helps you do your homework? → My sister helps me do my homework.
3. Whom: ai (người, tân ngữ)
Dùng để hỏi người làm tân ngữ, thường đứng sau giới từ.
eg: With whom do you live? → I live with my mother.
= Who do you live with?
4. Which : nào, cái nào (sự chọn lựa)
Dùng để hỏi vật, sự vật có sự lựa chọn.
eg: Which is bigger? Hanoi city or Ho Chi Minh city? → Ho Chi Minh city is.
► Có thể: Which + N
eg: Which class are you in? → I am in class 6A.
Which subjects do you like at school? → I like Math and English.
5. Where: ở đâu (nơi chốn)
Dùng để hỏi nơi chốn.
eg: Where do you live? → I live in Hanoi city.
Where are you from? → I am from England.
6. When: khi nào (thời gian)
Dùng để hỏi thời gian.
eg: When does he go to school? → He goes to school in the morning.
7. Why: tại sao (lý do)
Dùng để hỏi nguyên nhân, lý do.
eg: Why don't you go to the party? → Because I have to go to school.
Why do you like English? → Because it is interesting.
8. Whose: của ai (sự sở hữu)
Luôn được theo sau bởi một danh từ.
Whose + N
eg: Whose house is this? → This is my house.
Whose pens are these? → These are Daniel's pens.
9. How: như thế nào, ra sao (cách thức)
Dùng để hỏi đặc điểm, tính chất, trạng thái (thường hỏi cho tính từ hoặc trạng từ)
eg: How is the weather today? → It is cold.
How are you? → I am hungry.
► How có thể đứng độc lập hoặc được theo sau bởi tính từ, đôi khi là trạng từ:
• How many: bao nhiêu (số lượng - danh từ đếm được số nhiều).
• How much: bao nhiêu (số lượng - danh từ không đếm được (luôn số ít))
• How much + is / are + danh từ số ít / số nhiều : hỏi giá cả
eg: How many students are there in your class? → There are 43 students in my class.
How much milk is there in the fridge? → There is some milk in the fridge.
How much is this pen? → It is 2000vnđ.
• How far: bao xa (khoảng cách)
eg: How far is it from here to the nearest post office?
→ It is 2km from here to the nearest post office.
• How long: bao lâu (khoảng thời gian)
eg: How long does it take her to do her homework?
→ It takes her 2 hours to do her homework.
• How old: bao nhiêu tuổi
eg: How old are you? → I am 12 years old.
• How high / tall : cao bao nhiêu
eg: How tall are you? → I am 150cm tall.
• How often: bao lâu 1 lần (sự thường xuyên)
eg: How often do you play football? → I play football twice a week.
III. Bài tập vận dụng:
Make the questions for the underlined parts (đặt câu hỏi cho phần gạch chân)
1. It's ten past eleven.
→
2. They have two children.
→
3. That is a book.
→
4. Mr.Hai travels to work by bus every day.
→
5. He comes from Canada.
→
6. An ice-cream is two dollars.
→
7. We want three bottles of water.
→
8. She speaks Chinese fluently.
→
9. It's 3 km from the hospital to the school.
→
10. She brushes her teeth twice a day.
→
11. It's Peter's house.
→
12. My husband is thirty - one.
→
13. I have to study English because I want to study abroad.
→
14. I like English and Math most.
→
15. He lives with his parents.
→
16. We go to the cinema at weekends.
→
17. It takes me half an hour to take a bath every day.
→
18. The building is 100 meters high.
→
19. It's hot and sunny.
→
20. My father is a teacher.
→
Đáp án:
1. It's ten past eleven.
→ What time is it?
2. They have two children.
→ How many children do they have?
3. That is a book.
→ What is that?
4. Hai travels to work by bus every day.
→ How does Hai travel to work every day?
5. He comes from Canada.
→ Where does he come from?
6. An ice-cream is two dollars.
→ How much is an ice-cream?
7. We want three bottles of water.
→ How much water do you want?
8. She speaks Chinese fluently.
→ How does she speak Chinese?
9. It's 3 km from the hospital to the school.
→ How far is it from the hospital to the school?
10. She brushes her teeth twice a day.
→ How often does she brush her teeth?
11. It's Peter's house.
→ Whose house is it?
12. My husband is thirty - one.
→ How old is your husband?
13. I have to study English because I want to study abroad.
→ Why do you have to study English?
14. I like English and Math most.
→ Which subjects do you like most?
15. He lives with his parents.
→ With whom does he live?
16. We go to the cinema at weekends.
→ When do we go to the cinema?
17. It takes me half an hour to take a bath every day.
→ How long does it take you to take a bath every day?
18. The building is 100 meters high.
→ How high is the building?
19. It's hot and sunny.
→ How is the weather?
20. My father is a teacher.
→ What does your father do?
